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One of Adrienne von Speyr's
most cherished concerns was to rekindle Christians' desire for contemplation
and thus to renew the Church's prayer. Light
and Images: Elements of Contemplation is one of the most important
of her works on the subject. She sets forth the deepest theological foundations
of contemplative prayer according to the reciprocal relationship between
"light" and "images".
Like the simple images that open up infinite depths to the eye of faith,
this little book contains an overwhelming wealth of insight into contemplation.
One comes away from it with a vastly transformed understanding of the
nature of prayer and an appreciation for its irreplaceable role in Christian
life. With its disarmingly simple language, Light and Images is
immediately accessible; and yet the new perspectives it offers on prayer
surprise and challenge at every turn. The book is therefore both an incomparable
introduction for those who wish to learn what it means to pray, and excellent
spiritual reading for those seeking to draw more deeply from the Church's
great treasury of prayer.
This excerpt from Light and Images is chapter two, titled "Perceiving
God's Will."
Adam was able to understand the words the Creator
addressed to him; in fact, they were clear and unambiguous. He did not
have to pore over them in order to get more out of them than he had initially
understood. But when sin arose between man and God, Adam was forced to
learn how to make excuses. These excuses were words of untruth, of distance
and alienation, words reflecting a desire no longer to understand; they
raised a line of separation between God's word and its being understood.
The immediate contact was broken off, the receiving organ damaged, the
feeling dulled, and God's will henceforth seemed uncertain and obscure.
In the Old Covenant, those who were commissioned by God and the believers
who followed them sought to reinstate this original relationship as far
as possible in order to make it clear what God wanted. But they were directed
to make use of hints, reflections, and comparisons in order to have somesense
of how a sinner ought to approach the one who is totally pure. It was
no longer the un-mediated relationship between God and the man who had
just sprung forth from the Creator in his original innocence; instead,
the relationship was sullied by all the detours and subterfuges of untruth.
The vision of the highest truth was moreover so obscured that man preferred
to associate with other men as a way toward this truth, rather than immediately
with God, Only occasionally did he let his guard down; for the most part,
he put up intermediate stages and mediating authorities and enclosed even
God
within these man-made walls. Man tried to restore the clarity and precision
that God's word lost by replacing it with the pseudoclarity of human words.
And when God's voice rang out and the prophets had to proclaim it, it
was no mean task for them to make God's will intelligible also to others.
But there could be no doubt that the people understood. The ones who were
called and designated to proclaim often had to invent their own speech
in order to make the message intelligible to sinners. The naked word would
never have reached them.
But then God's Word, who had been with him from all eternity and who was
the Son, allowed himself to become man, so that the Father would have
a man who could perceive his will and accept it in a proper way, without
the need for mediation or translation. And because of him a genuine perception
was to take its place again on earth among other men as well. The Word
made flesh spoke to man; he formulated sentences filled with divine meaning
for believers, he gave instructions for living properly and allowed the
Creator to be seen in what he did and what he said, He was not only a
man but also a Way, a way that one could follow and that led back to the
Father. He allowed himself to become transparent in pure service and obedience
so that the human spirit could once again become transparent to the Father.
When the apostle begs the Lord, "Show us the Father!" and the Son answers,
"Whoever sees me sees the Father", it becomes immediately clear that his
existence has given rise to a point of intersection between the Father
and man, a point wherein they can encounter one another in an immediate
way. Admittedly, man does not realize that he is genuinely able to see
the Father in the Son; he has been unacquainted with this immediate contact
with God for so long that he falls to grasp the new and unsuspected access
to the Father that he is being offered.
But the Son also teaches man a new way to pray. He showed him how to say
the Father's prayer. He also showed him his own prayer as a Son, a prayer
that grows out of his vision and perfectly grasps the Father's will, a
prayer that has appropriated this will and call thus become the praying
man's model for how the triune God's will ought to be understood in the
world. Here man can be raised up beyond his own level and brought onto
God's level, and he can even acquire a grasp of God's eternal will. He
does not grasp this with his natural reason, but with his prayer-reason.
Prayer carries him beyond himself and places him in this grasp, without
him becoming aware of it. He is placed on the path of obedience, and obedience
allows him to receive a share of God's omniscience. In a certain respect,
"Thy will be done" means also that man receives a sense for this will,
even if he is unable to express it in words; he is brought over into this
will, even if he does not understand how to interpret it; he carries out
this will, even if he does not know where it is taking him. And yet not
everything remains obscure to his understanding, because this will leads
him ever deeper into the will.
Being led into the will is something that happens through love. Even if
man does not know what it means, he nevertheless understands that his
obedience is a response to God's love and that this love embraces him
all along the way. He is led by love into the mystery of God's triune
love. And it may happen that inconceivable marvels become revealed to
him in this, there may be moments in which he comes to see himself as
one chosen and loved, and God makes him worthy to consecrate himself to
him. But this consecration is not something he can understand in earthly
terms, because two spheres come together here which cannot be brought
into a fixed and unambiguous relationship. One sphere contains the things
that God wants to show, in such a way that the thing shown becomes perfectly
meaningful and transparent for the one who experiences it; it gets arranged
in his faith, it becomes a part of his love, it inspires him to a renewed
commitment or an increased prayer; it also shows him how the prayer of
love of neighbor is meant for him, what God expects from him in this respect,
how certain lines of the following of Christ have been traced out for
him. But at the same time the love of God and obedience to him and the
being led into his otherwise closed world (insofar as it has not been
revealed through words and experiences) consist in realities that are
and remain invisible, because they have their place within the exchange
of triune love. This invisibility does not necessarily have to be identified
with the Little Thérèse's "voyage underground" and with
her "tunnel", because the one who has been taken up may be accompanied
by a powerful certainty and security. But it can nevertheless seem to
him that he has become blind, that he has lent out his eyes, indeed that
his eyes have become superfluous, because God acts and sees so much on
his behalf that he has been relieved of the obligation of seeing for himself
He cannot remain in God's will without prayer. And this prayer will consist
in part of what is ordinary and performed out of duty, it will consist
of words that make sense to the one who prays, familiar thought processes,
petitions, promises of self-gift, which he knows and which have been entrusted
to him over time. But at the same time it is as if this prayer were lifted
up [aufgehoben], no longer spoken by him, but rather taken over
by a love in which he has received a share: the Church's love for God,
God's love for the Church or for individual people. The words can no longer
be grasped individually; their meaning has become unimportant, because
a greater reality has gotten the upper hand, an invisible reality that
encompasses him, and that somehow crosses and covers the inner mysteries
of God with invisibility.
Things may also happen in the love between human beings which flow into
one another as if all defenses were down. Man passes beyond limitations;
indeed, he is even lifted over wallssome that he knows but also
some that he does not knowso that the share that was intended for
him not be diminished, so that he need not do the measuring himself; he
need not draw his own border limits; he need not have the responsibility
of tracing out his own path. He passes unencumbered, because he is being
led. Thus, a small child finds his way through the most difficult stray
paths when he is able to walk holding his father's hand. From his own
perspective, he may be aware only that there is a house here, and that
there are other houses further on, and that at this corner or the next
there is something familiar; but that is as far as he can make out, because
the distances and the pathways and the connections are not clear to him.
The child thus learns to have more trust in the father and his guidance.
The man who prays has a similar experience, which is often difficult to
put into words but is no less real, an experience that brings him to a
stricter obedience, to an increase of prayer, an experience that lends
him new strength, which clearly does not come from himself, and a certainty
in faith, which is indispensable for his self-gift and his service. Before,
he had no idea how necessary this certainty was. It is only now that he
experiences it, only now that it has become clear to him in this sense.
A Christian, who has been praying in a contemplative way for a certain
time, and who does it with joy even if he has not grasped its full meaning,
who has perhaps begun to contemplate out of respect for another person
who showed him this kind of prayer, needs a long time before he begins
to see how much he is already connected with God's world and God's truth,
how far along the path he has already come, a path that never goes backward.
The same is true in the perception of God's will: it cannot happen in
any other way than by submitting oneself, by giving one's a priori Yes,
one's assent, which in the world of prayer always occurs before the question
has become entirely clear. Thus man is drawn ever more deeply into God's
truth and his design. He was already inside, as a part, before he realized
it; without knowing what the consequences would be, he submitted himself,
and this submission placed him so much at God's disposal that he, God's
instrument, has now received a hidden knowledge; he -has become one who
knows even about things that have not at this point been given to him
to investigate. And since he has been carried beyond limitations in prayer,
he should no longer try to put back the boundarystones, the limitations
and fences, once again in the everyday world, in the modesty of the task
he must carry out, which requires his attention in another way and which
requires the engagement of other capacities. He ought to remain in the
trust that corresponds to this transcendence; he ought to know that the
path that God calls him to walk is a particular path, which is always
meaningful for God as long as man obeys. To introduce human measures would
be to weaken prayer, to use the hours that belong to God for one's own
ego and thus to steal from God and to bring his displeasure upon oneself
For God cannot repeat what he intended to do, or something similar, and
thus the following of him suffers as a result.
But once man has obeyed, he now knows something new: he knows that a human
being can become aware of God's will; that this particular following of
God is part of his will. And he thereby also learns what matters to God
above all other things: that more love be given to him and more love be
given to one's neighbors. Every will of God that man is permitted to experience
in some way can be brought back to love.
Adrienne von Speyr was a 20th century Swiss convert, mystic, wife, doctor
and author of numerous books on spirituality. She entered the Church under
the direction of Hans
Urs von Balthasar. Her writings, recognized as a major contribution
to the great mystical writings of the Church, are being translated by Ignatius
Press.
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